BUDAYA KESENIAN INDONESIA
Wayang orang disebut juga dengan istilah wayang wong (bahasa jawa) adalah wayang yang dimainkan dengan menggunakan orang sebagai tokoh dalam cerita wayang tersebut.
Sesuai dengan nama sebutannya, wayang tersebut tidak lagi dipergelarkan dengan memainkan boneka-boneka wayang ( wayang kulit )yang biasanya terbuat dari bahan kulit kerbau ataupun yang lain), akan tetapi menampilkan manusia-manusia sebagai pengganti boneka-boneka wayang tersebut. Mereka memakai pakaian sama seperti hiasan-hiasan yang dipakai pada wayang kulit. Supaya bentuk muka atau bangun muka mereka menyerupai wayang kulit (kalau dilihat dari samping), sering kali pemain wayang orang ini diubah/ dihias mukanya dengan tambahan gambar atau lukisan.
Wayang orang, another kind of art performance usually held in Central Java. Wayang orang is played by human. The performance consists of many dancing, singing and talking in high javanese language, and gamelan music. At old times many likes to see wayang performance. There are many wayang groups in central Java. One which is famous at old times and still exists until now is wayang group called Ngesti Pandowo. This wayang group is located in Semarang (three hours from Jogjakarta by car), the capital city of Central Java. The wayang performance usually are held every night, from 21.00 and lasted at 24.00 o'clock. They perform usually the Mahabarata stories. Almost every Semarang inhabitants knows about Ngesti Pandowo. Here are some snapshots of a wayang performance, performed by Ngesti Pandowo. As other Javanese people, our cartoon friend, also like wayang. He was also watching it at that time.
Source: jogjacartoonvisit.blogspot.com
Gamelan music
wong also known as Wayang orang (literally human wayang) is a type of Javanese dance theatrical performance with themes taken from episode of Ramayana or Mahabharata.
While wayang gedog usually the theatrical performance that took the themes from the Panji cycles stories from the kingdom of Janggala, in which the players wear masks known as wayang topeng or wayang gedog. The word “gedog” comes from “kedok”, which, like “topeng” means “mask”. The main theme is the story of Raden Panji and Candra. This is a love story about princess Candra Kirana of Kediri and Raden Panji Asmarabangun, the crown prince of Jenggala. Candra Kirana was the incarnation of Dewi Ratih (goddess of love) and Panji was an incarnation of Kamajaya (god of love). Kirana’s story was given the title “Smaradahana” (“The fire of love”). At the end of the complicated story they finally can marry and bring forth a son, named Raja Putra. Panji Asmarabangun ruled Jenggala under the official names “Sri Kameswara”, “Prabu Suryowiseso”, and “Hino Kertapati”. Originally, wayang wong was performed only as an aristocratic entertainment in four palaces of Yogyakarta and Surakarta. In the course of time, it spread to become a popular and folk form as well.
Wayang wong has fixed patterns of movement and costume:For male performers:
- Alus: very slow, elegant and smooth movement. For example, the dance of Arjuna, Puntadewa and all other refined and slimly built Kshatriyas. There are two types of movement, lanyap and luruh.
- Gagah: a more masculine and powerful dance movement, used commonly for the roles of strongly built kshatriyas, soldiers and generals.
- Kambeng: a more powerful and athletic dance, used for the roles of Bima, Antareja, and Ghatotkacha.
- Bapang: gagah and kasar for the warriors of antagonist roles such as Kaurawa.
- Kalang kinantang: falls somewhere between alus and gagah, danced by tall, slim dancers in the roles of Kresno or Suteja.
- Kasar: a coarse style, used in portraying evil characters such as Rakshasa, ogres and demons.
- Gecul: a funny court jester and commoners, portraying ponokawan and cantrik .
- Kambeng dengklik: for ape warriors, such as Hanuman.
- Kalang kinantang dengklik: for ape warriors, such as Sugriwa and Subali.
For female performers: Kshatriya noblemen. Costumes and props distinguish kings, kshatriyas, monks, princesses, The movements known as nggruda or ngenceng encot in the classical high style of dance consist of nine basic movements (joged pokok) and twelve other movements (joged gubahan and joged wirogo) and are used in portraying Bedoyo and Srimpi.Today, the wayang wong, following the Gagrak style of Surakarta, is danced by women. They follow the alus movements associated with a Kshatriya, resembling Arjuna. Following the Gagkra style from Yogyakarta a male dancer uses these same Alus movements to depict princes and generals. There are about 45 distinct character types.
Picture: usd.edu
2. WAYANG WONG or ORANG
In the eleventh century, the center of Javanese kingdom moved from Prambanan (Central Java) to East Java, Jenggala or Kediri. During the reign of King Airlangga, art and culture flourished. The new creation of wayang kulit (leather puppet) started (wayang Purwa is the other name of wayang kulit) the puppet were improved, also the gamelan (music instruments).
The kingdom were divided to four, each ruled by his son, namely, the kingdom of :
Jenggala, under king Lembu Amiluhur
Kediri or Daha, under king Lembu Amerdadu
Ngurawan, under king Lembu Mangarang
Singasari, under king Amijaya.
The son of king Lembu Amiluhur, Raden Panji Asmarabangun was instructed to create Wayang Wong or Orang in Indonesian (wong = orang = man/woman), this is wayang with man or woman players. Panji Asmarabangun was a great artist himself, he was the one who had taught his brothers and relatives to be Dalang (puppeteer).
In that time the topics of the wayang wong was about the Jenggala Kingdom. It was the wish of king Airlangga, the history of his kingdom to be known by all court families and all his descendants. Latter on, until nowadays Jenggala wayang wong was named wayang Topeng (wearing a mask) or Wayang Gedog. In Majapahit kingdom, the Wayang Wwang/Wong also flourished. According to the book "NEGARA KERTAGAMA", even the famous King Hayam Wuruk was himself a dancer. What's explained here is the wayang wong with the stories from Ramayana and Mahabrata.
1. Wayang Orang Show
In the old days, wayang wong was only performed in the four palaces of Yogyakarta and Surakarta as clasical court dance. In the development, it spread beyond the palaces and become popular among the people. The wayang wong has certain patterns of dance movements and dresses.
For male figures, there are pattern of dance movements, a.o:
1. Alus : very gentle movement, slow, elegant, such as the dance of Arjuna, Puntodewa and all ksatria with slightly build, which is divided into two movements (Lanyap and Luruh).
2. Gagah :a) Kambeng : the dance is more sportif, such as Bima, Gatotkaca, etc.
b) Bapang : gagah & kasar for the knights of Korawa
c) Kalang Kinantang : In between alus and gagah, such as Kresna, Suteja for tall but slim figures.
3. Kasar : rough, for giants.
4. Gecul : Ponokawan & Cantrik
a) Kambeng Dengklik : monkey warrior : Anomanb.
2. Gagah :a) Kambeng : the dance is more sportif, such as Bima, Gatotkaca, etc.
b) Bapang : gagah & kasar for the knights of Korawa
c) Kalang Kinantang : In between alus and gagah, such as Kresna, Suteja for tall but slim figures.
3. Kasar : rough, for giants.
4. Gecul : Ponokawan & Cantrik
a) Kambeng Dengklik : monkey warrior : Anomanb.
b) Kalang Kinantang Dengklik : monkey bwarriors : Sugriwa & Subali
For female figures
The movement is called "Nggruda" or Ngenceng encotIn Javanese classical court dance, there are in fact 9 basic movements (Joged Pokok) and 12 additional movements (Joged Gubahan) and Joged Wirogo to beautify the movements for female dancers of Bedoyo and Srimpi.
Today, wayang wong with Gagrak (style) of Surakarta, a female dancer performs the ksatria with alus dance as Arjuna. A male dancer performs Gagrak (style) Yogyakarta, Arjuna with the same alus movements. The dresses and accessories are different between kings, gods, ksatrias, begawans, princesses and commanders. There are more than 45 items (it should be described in separated article).
Today, wayang wong with Gagrak (style) of Surakarta, a female dancer performs the ksatria with alus dance as Arjuna. A male dancer performs Gagrak (style) Yogyakarta, Arjuna with the same alus movements. The dresses and accessories are different between kings, gods, ksatrias, begawans, princesses and commanders. There are more than 45 items (it should be described in separated article).
The lakon (play) of wayang wong is the same as wayang kulit but usually the performance is shorter. The dalang of wayang wong has a much lighter job compared with the one of wayang kulit. The figure in wayang wong they make the conversation themselves. The dalang is doing 'Suluk' a prelude of opening explanations with a special standard voice and some narration.
Wayang wong dancers before going to the stage need a long and various training. Some of them can dance elegantly and become the favorite of the audience, and have a famous name in the society. Usually every club of wayang orang has its own stars - male and female.
Wayang wong dancers before going to the stage need a long and various training. Some of them can dance elegantly and become the favorite of the audience, and have a famous name in the society. Usually every club of wayang orang has its own stars - male and female.
Wayang Orang Sriwedari
In the city of Solo with its regular evening show is the famous group in the country. Some years ago in Semarang - wayang orang Ngesti Pandawa was also popular and wayang orang Wiromo Budoyo in Yogyakarta (evening show in Purawisata open theater).
In 1960's, almost every town in Central and East Java plus Jakarta has its own group of wayang orang. The 'show business' of wayang orang was slowing down nowadays due to many reasons.
In Jakarta the capital of Indonesia, there is wayang orang Bharata with regular evening performances. There are also some groups performs from time to time, travelling from one town to another.
In 1960's, almost every town in Central and East Java plus Jakarta has its own group of wayang orang. The 'show business' of wayang orang was slowing down nowadays due to many reasons.
In Jakarta the capital of Indonesia, there is wayang orang Bharata with regular evening performances. There are also some groups performs from time to time, travelling from one town to another.
Picture: flickr.com The Classical Court Dance
This kind of dance originated from the Karaton can be enjoyed in Yogyakarta and Solo. Some are performed regularly and some are performed on special occasions. A dance training session in Karaton is also worth to be seen, one could feel the atmosphere of the Karaton, somewhat magical, and the dance trainers, they are the first class experts. Classical dance is also taught outside Karaton such Krido Bekso Wiromo, Siswo Among Bekso, and Pamulangan Beksa Sasminta Mardawa.
At dalem Pujokusuman, one of the best show staged thrice a week. The ISI (Institute of Arts, Indonesia) Padepokan Bagong Kusudiarjo & DR. Wisnoe Wardhana's Art and Cultural Foundation are also good education and performance places of dance.
In Solo, dance rehearsal and occasional performance can be seen in STSI (Academy of Art and Music), Central Java Cultural Center and in Karaton Kasunanan and Mangkunagaran. Serimpi and Bedoyo dances of Karaton are worth also to be seen.
In Solo, dance rehearsal and occasional performance can be seen in STSI (Academy of Art and Music), Central Java Cultural Center and in Karaton Kasunanan and Mangkunagaran. Serimpi and Bedoyo dances of Karaton are worth also to be seen.
Prambanan Ramayana Ballet
This is a precious introduction to classical dance, an evening out door performance under a full moon (at dry season from May to October) with the magnificent 8th century Prambanan temple as a backdrop. Performed by more than 200 dancers with live gamelan music, it's really a spectacular theater.
For 2 hours, one should be enthrilled by a succession of visual and aural delights. The dancers, the musicians, the performance, the magical ancient surrounding, all are perfect. No visitor should miss this performance. There is also in door daytime performance, but probably fewer spectacular.
(Suryo S. Negoro)
(Suryo S. Negoro)
Source: joglosemar.co.id
Gatutkaca PUNOKAWAN
Punakawan Wayang Orang Bharata
Penari memerankan keluarga punakawan (Gareng, Petruk, Bagong dan Semar) saat tampil pada pagelaran wayang orang Kalimasada Munca di Gedung Kesenian Jakarta, Senin, 30 November 2009. Pagelaran tersebut di organisir oleh Yayasan Mitra Bhatara sebagai salah satu usaha melestarik
Suka 
TOKOH DAN MAKE UP Wayang Orang Bharata
Behind the scene.
Punakawan (two of the five jokers)
One of the nine fairies.
Arjuna's smile.
WAYANG ORANG
Wayang orang disebut juga dengan istilah wayang wong (bahasa jawa) adalah wayang yang dimainkan dengan menggunakan orang sebagai tokoh dalam cerita wayang tersebut.
Sesuai dengan nama sebutannya, wayang tersebut tidak lagi dipergelarkan dengan memainkan boneka-boneka wayang ( wayang kulit )yang biasanya terbuat dari bahan kulit kerbau ataupun yang lain), akan tetapi menampilkan manusia-manusia sebagai pengganti boneka-boneka wayang tersebut. Mereka memakai pakaian sama seperti hiasan-hiasan yang dipakai pada wayang kulit. Supaya bentuk muka atau bangun muka mereka menyerupai wayang kulit (kalau dilihat dari samping), sering kali pemain wayang orang ini diubah/ dihias mukanya dengan tambahan gambar atau lukisan.
Eddies Adelia Main Wayang Orang
Ilustrasi wayang orang/www.myrmnews.com
Palmerah, Warta Kota
Artis-artis Ibu Kota, seperti Eddies Adelia, Pong Harjatmo, dan Ucup Jaka, akan tampil dalam kesenian tradisional wayang orang, The Indonesian Opera Drama Wayang Swargaloka, di Teater Kautaman Gedung Pewayangan TMII, Minggu (21/2).
Para artis itu akan tampil bersama seniman wayang orang dari Institut Seni Indonesia (ISI) Surakarta dan ISI Yogyakarta dalam lakon Balada Wangsa Barata. Pertunjukan itu diselenggarakan oleh Sekretariat Nasional Pewayangan Indonesia (Senawangi) dan Yayasan Seni dan Budaya Swargaloka.
Manajer Humas The Indonesia Opera Drama Wayang Swargaloka, Eddie Karsito, mengatakan, pertunjukan itu digelar untuk meningkatkan kecintaan terhadap kesenian tradisional.
"Kami menampilkan artis-artis ini juga untuk kepentingan kebudayaan. Artis yang biasa dengan kebudayaan populer, juga punya perhatian terhadap kesenian tradisional," kata Eddie Karsito, Jumat (19/2).
Ia mengatakan, artis-artis yang memiliki kepedulian terhadap budaya bangsa itu ikut mengembangkan, menumbuhkan, dan mempromosikan budaya Indonesia. "Nggak peduli mereka orang Jawa, orang Ambon, atau Batak, wayang orang itu budaya Indonesia, siapa pun bisa melestarikan budaya Indonesia," katanya.
Ia menjelaskan, Senawangi dan Yayasan Swargaloka itu dalam setahun ini akan menggelar 11 kali pertunjukan. Artis-artis yang terlibat dalam seni wayang orang itu, antara lain Widi Mulia, Dwi Sasono, Yati Surachman, Ruben Onsu, Indra Bekti, Diding Boneng, dan Dorman Borisman.
Artis-artis itu akan tampil bergantian dalam pertunjukan wayang orang yang menggunakan bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa pengantar pertunjukan. "Artis-artis akan mengeksplor kemampuannya, seperti Ucup Jaka yang Betawi juga bisa bermain seni wayang dengan drama modern," katanya.
Sementara itu, suasana Imlek masih terasa di beberapa pusat perbelanjaan. Kebaya encim, batik, keramik, fornitur, pamerran kaligrafi dan workshop budaya Indonesia dan Tionghoa digelar selama empat hari di Marketing Gallery Casa Grande Residence, Jalan Casablanka, Jakarta Selatan, sejak Kamis (18/2) sampai Minggu (21/2).
Berbagai acara digelar seperti penampilan barongsai, peragaan busana, seminar, dan sebagainya, termasuk talkshow perawatan batik oleh Museum Tekstil.
Di Tamini Square, Jakarta Timur, pada Sabtu (20/2) ini akan diadakan audisi penyanyi Religi Islam di lantai 2 Food Court. Acara dimulai pukul 12.00. Event Coordinator Tamini Square Fengky Fauzi mengatakan, pada Minggu (21/2) pengunjung bisa foto-foto bersama Dewi-dewi China di Hall utama.
Sedangkan di Pejaten Village, Pasarminggu, Jakarta Selatan, akan diadakan acara amal Pundi of Hope Gerakan Nasional Orang Tua Asuh (GNOTA) pada Minggu besok. Marketing Communication Manager Pejaten Village Febresi Syam mengatakan, masih dalam susasana Imlek, akan diadakan kids activity menghias celengan macan di atrium Pejaten Village.
Di Mal Artha Gading (MAG) juga sedang berlangsung IT Vaganza@Mal Artha Gading dari 17-28 Februari 2010. Hadiah langsung ditawarkan kepada pengunjung yang berbelanja minimal Rp 300.000 berupa iPod/Esia.
Pengunjung yang menggunakan Permata Kartu Kredit dan Debit mendapat dua kali kesempatan mendapatkan hadiah tersebut. Sabtu ini (13.30-14.00) ada talkshow pakaian tradisional Tionghoa oleh David Kwa. (tan/sab/yos)
Tokoh Pewayangan : Banyak tokoh tokoh pewayangan yang ada dalam cerita di kitab Mahabarata dan Ramayana ,dengan penggambaran watak masing masing dan peranya sebagai seorang yang selalu membela kebenaran dan ada yang selalu menebar angkara murka ,semuanya ini menggambarkan manusia yang mempunyai sifat baik dan buruk yang di kendalikan oleh napsunya :Dibawah ini nama tokoh wayang :
Dewa-Dewi wayang
Dewa-Dewi dalam dunia pewayangan merupakan dewa-dewi yang muncul dalam mitologi agama Hindu di India, dan diadaptasi dalam budaya Jawa.
- Sang Hyang Adhama
- Sang Hyang Sita
- Sang Hyang Nurcahya
- Sang Hyang Nurrasa
- Sang Hyang Wenang
- Sang Hyang Widhi
- Sang Hyang Tunggal
- Sang Hyang Rancasan
- Sang Hyang Ismaya
- Sang Hyang Manikmaya
- Batara Bayu
- Batara Brahma
- Batara Candra
- Batara Guru
- Batara Indra
- Batara Kala
- Batara Kresna
- Batara Kamajaya
- Batara Narada
- Batara Surya
- Batara Wisnu
- Batara Yamadipati
- Batari Durga
- Batara Kuwera
- Batara Cingkarabala
- Batara Balaupata
- Hyang Patuk
- Hyang Temboro
[sunting] Ramayana
Tokoh-tokoh Ramayana dalam budaya pewayangan Jawa diambil dan diadaptasi dari mitologi Hindu di India.
Tolong dong yang bagian "TOKOH DAN MAKE UP Wayang Orang Bharata" diberi keterangan nama tokoh atau perannya dalam setiap gambarnya
BalasHapus